Mac Console Commands For Updating Apps

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In some flavors of Unix, you feel as if you've been cast into an alternate universe when you open a terminal window and work on the command line. But with OS X and its Darwin core, there's often.

  1. Console Mac App
  2. Console Command Prompt
  3. How To Use Console Commands
  4. Mac Console Commands For Updating Apps 2017
  5. Mac Console Commands For Updating Apps Download

If you’re working in Terminal on your Mac, you need to know the most important UNIX commands: those that work with directories, those that work with files, and miscellaneous but commonly used commands.

Folders are called directories in UNIX. Commands that refer to filenames, as most do, assume that you’re talking about files in the working directory. When you open the Terminal window, the working directory is set to your home directory, abbreviated ~. Bash shows you the current working directory and your username to the left of its prompt. The following table lists common directory-related commands.

UNIX Directory Commands
CommandWhat It Does
lsLists the names of the files in the working directory. For more
complete information, use ls –alF (.
cd directorynameChanges the working directory to the one you named.
cd .Brings you up one directory level.
cdReturns you to your home directory.
pwdDisplays the pathname of the current directory.
mkdir newdirectorynameMakes a new directory.
rmdir directorynameRemoves (deletes) an empty directory.

Console Mac App

As in Windows, you can redirect the output of a command to a text file. So if you want a record of the files in a folder, type cd, followed by a space, drag the folder’s icon to the Terminal window, and press Return. Type ls > mydirectorylist.txt and press Return again. A file named mydirectorylist.txt will appear in the folder you chose. You can open the file in TextEdit to see a list of the files in that directory.

This table lists commands commonly used when working with files in the Terminal window.

Working with Files
CommandWhat It Does
cp filename1 filename2Copies a file.
chmodChanges permissions for access to a file. Study the man page
before using this one.
diffCompares two files line by line (assumes text).
more filenameDisplays a text file one page at a time. Press the spacebar to
see the next page; press Q to quit. The man command works through
more.
mv filename1 filename2Moves a file or changes its name.
rm filenameRemoves (deletes) a file.

This last table explains other handy commands that anyone getting started in Terminal will likely want to know.

Miscellaneous Commands
CommandWhat It Does
Control+CTerminates most operations.
dateDisplays the current date and time.
echoRepeats whatever appears after the command (after
expansion).
helpDisplays a partial list of bash commands.
historyDisplays the last commands you typed. You can redo a command by
typing an exclamation point (!) followed immediately (no space) by
the number of that command in the history list. To repeat the last
command, type !!. To repeat the last filename, type
!*.
picoA simple UNIX text editor.
psDisplays a list of running processes.
sudoLets you carry out commands for which the account you are using
lacks authority. You will be asked for an administrator’s
password.

When you’re working in Terminal, you don’t have a Trash Can to which deleted files are moved pending ultimate disposal. Delete it, and it’s gone. In general, UNIX has no Undo function.

Your Mac is probably pretty much trouble free, at least most of the time. But occasionally you may experience a system, process, or app crash that stops you in your tracks, and prevents you from continuing to work. These crashes are usually fleeting in nature, and resolved by simply relaunching the app or restarting your Mac.

And while an occasional crash can be frustrating, it’s generally not something to worry too much about. Stuff happens, and you can think of it as one of the many reasons you have a good backup system in place. (You do, don’t you?)

Console Command Prompt

Now, when a crash starts occurring on a more regular basis, or you notice it always happens when x event occurs, it may be time to start delving into the crash and discover what may be causing the problem.

In this Rocket Yard Guide, we’re going to take a look at using the Console app to track down the cause of a system or app crash. With any luck, the Console app will be able to help you resolve the problem that’s causing the crash, or at least give you a good idea of what’s going on.

What is the Console App?
Back in the early years of computing, the console was a terminal that was attached to a computer to monitor the status of the system. If you go back even further, the console may have been a bank of meters, lights, and switches that indicated how well the computer was operating.

(The Console app from macOS High Sierra. The sidebar shows devices reporting to the Console, as well as reports organized by category.)

The Console app included with the Mac is a modern-day version of the old computer console; its primary job is to help you monitor how well your Mac is operating. It can do this because of its ability to display logs, status, and error files your Mac’s operating system and individual apps generate as they’re running.

Log Files
There are a number of different types of files that apps, processes, and the system generate as they work; you can think of them as a journal or diary of what’s going on at any point in time. While there are diagnostic files, crash files, log files, and a few other types, we’re going to refer to them collectively as log files. And for the most part, they can all be read by the Console app.

(OS X Yosemite’s Console app displaying the crash log from when a system preference terminated unexpectedly. Turns out the preference pane is from an old version of an app, and is no longer supported).

The Console app can also look at process messages, and a few other real-time events, but we’re going to concentrate on looking at log files to discover what happened in the past, such as when the system or an app crashed.

Introduction to Console
Even if you haven’t experienced a recent system or app crash, or an unexpected restart, go ahead and launch the Console app, so you can become familiar with the interface.

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Mac

Launch Console, located at /Applications/Utilities.

Console may look a bit different, depending on the version of the Mac operating system you’re using. Most changes from system to system are cosmetic, such as a few name changes here and there, although there was a significant change going from OS X El Capitan to macOS Sierra. The primary change was the removal or relocation of some troubleshooting tools used when looking at real-time events. Since we’re not developers trying to track down bugs, that shouldn’t have much effect on our use of Console to review log files.

With the Console app open, you’ll see a multi-pane interface, with a sidebar used to select either real-time messages or log files for display, a toolbar across the top, and in new versions of Console, a search bar and tab bar just below the toolbar.

Accessing Log Files

Log files you may be interested in reviewing for information about what caused a crash are found in the Console sidebar under the heading:

  • User Reports (User Diagnostic Reports in earlier versions of Console): Crash reports for user processes and applications.
  • System Reports (System Diagnostic Reports in earlier versions of Console): Analytics, diagnostics, and crash reports for system processes.
  • System log: A log of current system events and messages.
  • ~/Library/Logs: Application logs for the current logged in user.
  • /Library/Logs: Application and process event logs for all users.
  • /var/logs: Log files for maintenance scripts used by the system.

To access a log file, select the category in the sidebar you’re interested in. If the category has a chevron next to its name, expand the chevron by clicking or tapping on it.

A list of log files will be displayed, either within the sidebar or in the main viewing pane, depending on the Console version you’re using.

How To Use Console Commands

(The /var/log category contains some interesting logs, including the results of all the automatic maintenance scripts that are run in the background by your Mac.)

Select one of the listed files to view its content.

The log file names usually contain the process or app name that generated the file, the date, the name of the Mac, and finally, the file type, such as crash, diag, or analytics.

For the most part, the crash logs will be the ones you’ll be interested in for troubleshooting system or app crashes, but the diag ones are also interesting to review, since they may contain information about unusual memory usage or high levels of CPU usage.

Understanding Reports
Crash reports are broken into multiple sections, with the first section containing all the information about what process crashed:

  • Process: Lists the name of the process, such as TextEdit.
  • Path: The process location.
  • Identifier: The unique process name, such as com.apple.textedit.
  • Version: The version of the app or process.
  • Code Type: The processor type the code is meant to run under.
  • Parent Process: If the process that crashed was spawned by another process, it will be listed here.
  • Responsible: Usually the app or process name or developer.
  • User ID: The user ID in use by the app or process.

The next section tells you when the app or process crashed:

  • Date/Time: The date and time when the process or app terminated.
  • OS Version: The version of the Mac OS that was running at the time of the crash. An interesting side note: Console still uses OS X as the operating system name, although the version number is correct.
  • Report Version: The version number of the crash report style in use.
  • Anonymous UUID: This is a long string of numbers and letters that are a unique identifier of the process.
  • Time Awake Since Boot: How long the system has been running, displayed as the number of seconds.
  • System Integrity Protection: Shows status of SIP.

And finally, the meat of the problem: what caused the crash.

  • Crashed Thread: Which process thread was running when the crash occurred.
  • Exception Type: This is the actual event that caused the crash.
  • Exception Codes: Additional details about what caused the exception type.
  • Exception Note: Message, if any, generated by the crash.
  • Termination Signal: The name of the signal type used to tell the process to quit.
  • Termination Reason: The category for why the termination signal was initiated.
  • Termination Process: Which process initiated the termination.

The next long section of the report lists what led to the crash in reverse chronological order, starting with the thread listed as the cause. This may seem like a goldmine for discovering what caused your crash, and it is. This section and the next, which is called a backtrace, can be very helpful for the developer to troubleshoot a system or app crash. However, it’s usually not very helpful for most users.

(The anatomy of a crash report as displayed in the Console app.)

What Can I Do With This Information?
One of the best things you can do is contact the developer, open a support ticket, and send in this crash report. Developers need this type of information to troubleshoot and refine their apps or code.

Depending on the version of Console you’re using, you can either:

Use the Save As command under the File menu to save a copy of the crash report, which you can then send to the developer. Or, if you’re using a later version of Console, you can use the Share button in the toolbar to attach the crash report to an email.

You can also right-click on the crash report name and select Reveal in Finder from the popup menu. You can then use the Finder to make a copy to send along to the developer.

(An app crash will display a message indicating a crash occurred. You can select the Report button to display the crash report without having to wade through the Console app to find it.)

If you’re trying to resolve the crash on your own, pay attention to the exact time the crash occurred, then check the diagnostic logs and analytics logs for unusual events that may have occurred at or near the same time. You’re looking for excessive memory or CPU usage, as an example. You may find, for example, that WebKit, a core component of Safari, was using a great deal of RAM when the crash occurred, something you may be able to correct by adding more RAM. Or, perhaps CPU usage was so high that on a hot summer day, your Mac couldn’t cope with the high temperatures.

Another thing to look at is the app version that was crashing. Many times an app crash can be caused by an out-of-date version. Check with the app developer to see what the current version is, and which version, if any, is recommended to run on your version of the Mac OS.

For more information about using the Console app, you can find details on advanced usage at Apple’s support site for Console Help.

Mac Console Commands For Updating Apps 2017

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Mac Console Commands For Updating Apps Download

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